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Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center
FunctionExpand
  • See Also
    • TrigExpand
    • TrigToExp
    • ComplexExpand
    • FullSimplify
    • TargetFunctions
  • Related Guides
    • Algebraic Transformations
    • Formula Manipulation
    • Number Recognition
    • Differential Operators
    • Trigonometric Functions
    • Assumptions and Domains
  • Tech Notes
    • Working with Special Functions
    • Putting Expressions into Different Forms
    • Using Assumptions
    • Implementation notes: Algebra and Calculus
    • See Also
      • TrigExpand
      • TrigToExp
      • ComplexExpand
      • FullSimplify
      • TargetFunctions
    • Related Guides
      • Algebraic Transformations
      • Formula Manipulation
      • Number Recognition
      • Differential Operators
      • Trigonometric Functions
      • Assumptions and Domains
    • Tech Notes
      • Working with Special Functions
      • Putting Expressions into Different Forms
      • Using Assumptions
      • Implementation notes: Algebra and Calculus

FunctionExpand[expr]

tries to expand out special and certain other functions in expr, when possible reducing compound arguments to simpler ones.

FunctionExpand[expr,assum]

expands using assumptions.

Details and Options
Details and Options Details and Options
Examples  
Basic Examples  
Scope  
Options  
Assumptions  
Applications  
Properties & Relations  
Possible Issues  
See Also
Tech Notes
Related Guides
Related Links
History
Cite this Page
BUILT-IN SYMBOL
  • See Also
    • TrigExpand
    • TrigToExp
    • ComplexExpand
    • FullSimplify
    • TargetFunctions
  • Related Guides
    • Algebraic Transformations
    • Formula Manipulation
    • Number Recognition
    • Differential Operators
    • Trigonometric Functions
    • Assumptions and Domains
  • Tech Notes
    • Working with Special Functions
    • Putting Expressions into Different Forms
    • Using Assumptions
    • Implementation notes: Algebra and Calculus
    • See Also
      • TrigExpand
      • TrigToExp
      • ComplexExpand
      • FullSimplify
      • TargetFunctions
    • Related Guides
      • Algebraic Transformations
      • Formula Manipulation
      • Number Recognition
      • Differential Operators
      • Trigonometric Functions
      • Assumptions and Domains
    • Tech Notes
      • Working with Special Functions
      • Putting Expressions into Different Forms
      • Using Assumptions
      • Implementation notes: Algebra and Calculus

FunctionExpand

FunctionExpand[expr]

tries to expand out special and certain other functions in expr, when possible reducing compound arguments to simpler ones.

FunctionExpand[expr,assum]

expands using assumptions.

Details and Options

  • FunctionExpand uses a large collection of rules.
  • FunctionExpand applies to certain trigonometric functions as well as special functions.
  • FunctionExpand attempts to expand DifferentialRoot and DifferenceRoot objects in terms of special and other functions.
  • FunctionExpand is automatically called by FullSimplify.
  • Assumptions in FunctionExpand can be specified as in Simplify.
  • FunctionExpand[expr,x∈Reals] performs expansion assuming that x is real.
  • FunctionExpand has the option Assumptions, specifying default assumptions to be appended to assum.
  • The default setting for the Assumptions option is $Assumptions.
  • You can specify default assumptions for FunctionExpand using Assuming.
  • FunctionExpand automatically threads over lists in expr, as well as equations, inequalities and logic functions.

Examples

open all close all

Basic Examples  (2)

Expand constants:

Find expansion in terms of simpler functions:

Scope  (9)

Expansions of constants:

Expansions of elementary functions and their compositions:

Expansions of orthogonal polynomials and related functions:

FunctionExpand reduces compound arguments to simpler ones:

Expansions of elliptic functions:

Expansions of number theoretic functions:

Expansions of unevaluated derivatives:

Expansions of hypergeometric family functions:

Expansion of special functions:

Options  (3)

Assumptions  (3)

Some expansions are valid under additional assumptions:

Here n is assumed to be a generic complex number:

Assume n to be an integer:

FunctionExpand applies transformations valid for generic index ν:

Use Assumptions to get a specific transformation:

Applications  (1)

Rewrite a solution returned by DSolve:

Properties & Relations  (2)

The output is generically equivalent to the input:

FunctionExpand is used as a transformation function in FullSimplify:

FullSimplify will produce the simplest form found:

Possible Issues  (2)

FunctionExpand may not always expand expressions involving inexact numbers:

Some transformations used by FunctionExpand are only generically valid:

See Also

TrigExpand  TrigToExp  ComplexExpand  FullSimplify  TargetFunctions

Function Repository: BesselSimplify  GammaSimplify  PolyGammaSimplify  PolyLogSimplify  ZetaSimplify  EllipticExpand  MeijerGToHypergeometricPFQ

Tech Notes

    ▪
  • Working with Special Functions
  • ▪
  • Putting Expressions into Different Forms
  • ▪
  • Using Assumptions
  • ▪
  • Implementation notes: Algebra and Calculus

Related Guides

    ▪
  • Algebraic Transformations
  • ▪
  • Formula Manipulation
  • ▪
  • Number Recognition
  • ▪
  • Differential Operators
  • ▪
  • Trigonometric Functions
  • ▪
  • Assumptions and Domains

Related Links

  • NKS|Online  (A New Kind of Science)

History

Introduced in 1996 (3.0) | Updated in 1999 (4.0) ▪ 2000 (4.1) ▪ 2002 (4.2) ▪ 2003 (5.0) ▪ 2007 (6.0) ▪ 2008 (7.0)

Wolfram Research (1996), FunctionExpand, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/FunctionExpand.html (updated 2008).

Text

Wolfram Research (1996), FunctionExpand, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/FunctionExpand.html (updated 2008).

CMS

Wolfram Language. 1996. "FunctionExpand." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 2008. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/FunctionExpand.html.

APA

Wolfram Language. (1996). FunctionExpand. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/FunctionExpand.html

BibTeX

@misc{reference.wolfram_2025_functionexpand, author="Wolfram Research", title="{FunctionExpand}", year="2008", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/FunctionExpand.html}", note=[Accessed: 01-December-2025]}

BibLaTeX

@online{reference.wolfram_2025_functionexpand, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={FunctionExpand}, year={2008}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/FunctionExpand.html}, note=[Accessed: 01-December-2025]}

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