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American Economic Review: Style GuideSee also: Style Guide for Papers and Proceedings GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT All accepted manuscripts should adhere to the instructions below. Please use Times New Roman font in 12 pt. type and maintain a 1-inch (2.5-cm) side, top, and bottom margin. Please, also, ensure that the file is not encrypted. YOUR CAREFUL ADHERENCE TO THIS STYLE GUIDE IS GREATLY APPRECIATED. IT IS ISSUED TO FACILITATE THE EDITORIAL PROCESS AND EXPEDITE THE PUBLICATION OF YOUR MANUSCRIPT. 1. THE ENTIRE TEXT MUST BE DOUBLE-SPACED. 2. Please provide a PDF of the manuscript, along with the NATIVE FILE (Scientific Word, LaTex, or Word). Figures must be submitted separately as a PDF, EPS, TIF, or PPT file. Figure titles and notes should be typed on a separate sheet of paper. Titles should not be drawn on the figure; they will be typeset at the time of printing. If there are variables (italics) or matrices and vectors (boldface) in figures, they should be designated as such. 3. DO NOT use a separate sheet for the title page. Title and byline should be placed at the top of the first page of text. A single asterisk should be placed following the (last) author’s name. (Note that the initial information block giving the complete mailing address for each author should not be treated as a footnote. It should be marked with an asterisk (*) and placed at the end of the document. The asterisk is followed by each author’s department, affiliation, address, e-mail address, and acknowledgements.) 4. ABSTRACTS are required for all articles. Please follow the instruction sheet. 5. DO NOT begin with “Introduction” as a section head. Subsequent section headings should be given Roman numerals (I., II., etc.); subsections should be lettered A., B., etc. 6. FOOTNOTES should be embedded and numbered consecutively. 7. REFERENCE TO INDIVIDUALS IN THE TEXT should include the first name, middle initial, and last name in the first instance. Subsequent references should give last name only. Do not refer to individuals as Mister, Doctor, Professor, etc. It is essential that this be adhered to. 8. REFERENCE TO ORGANIZATIONS OR GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES IN THE TEXT should give the name in full, followed by the abbreviation in parentheses. Subsequent references should give abbreviation only; for example: Social Science Research Council (SSRC) [first occurrence], SSRC [subsequently]. 9. REFERENCE TO ARTICLES AND BOOKS IN THE TEXT: Give full name (first name, middle initial, and last name) of author(s) and year of publication in the first citation, with page number(s) where appropriate. When more than one work by the same author is cited, give the last name of author and year of publication in parentheses for each subsequent citation. When listing a string of references within the text, arrange first in chronological order, then alphabetically within years. If there are four or more authors, refer to the first author, followed by et al. and the year. If there is more than one publication referred to in the same year by the author(s), use the year and a, b, etc. (example: 1997a, b). References to authors in the text must exactly match those in the Reference section. 10. MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS should be typed on separate lines and numbered consecutively at the left margin, using Arabic numbers in parentheses. USE ITALICS FOR SCALAR VARIABLES, USE BOLDFACE TO SPECIFY VECTORS AND MATRICES, AND USE SCRIPT FOR SETS. Provide typesetting instructions for cases when ambiguities may arise (for example, between capital and lowercase letters; zero and the letter “oh”; the letters eta and n; nu and v; the letter “el” and number 1). Two-Column Format: The AER publishes in a two-column format. This can make typesetting long equations difficult. If your paper is very technical, please use a mathematical Appendix (see 13 below). Long equations necessary to the text can be set, on occasion, across the full page at the top or bottom (like a figure or table). However, if you have long equations that will be difficult to understand when placed on many lines, be sure to specify how the equation should break. Subscripts and Superscripts: Subscripts and superscripts must be easily distinguished from regular variables and from each other. Multiple subscripts or superscripts are separated with commas if there is no mathematical relationship. Use only two levels of sub- and superscripts. Overscores and Underscores: Overscores (bar, caret, and tilde) may be used, but must be clearly distinguishable. If you use bar underscores (first time, please mark as such) do not use bar underscores elsewhere in your math to indicate italics. Fractions: When equations in the text contain fractions, use a slash “/” or solidus and clearly denote numerator and denominator with parentheses. Display fractions that are too complicated to keep in the text on a separate line. 11. QUOTATIONS must correspond exactly with the original in wording, spelling, and punctuation. Page numbers must be given. Changes must be indicated: use brackets to identify insertions; use ellipsis dots (...) to show omissions. Also indicate where emphasis has been added. Only lengthy quotations (more than 50 words) should be separated from the text; such quotations must be double-spaced and indented at the left margin. 12. TABLES must be on separate pages -- not incorporated within the text -- and should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numbers. Each table must have a title and should be no more than 10 columns wide. Please maintain a 1-inch margin at sides, top, and bottom of each page. Tables should be double-spaced completely (this includes the title and column headings). Do not use any vertical lines in tables to show space distinction; use only horizontal lines and additional blank space if necessary. Do not use any shading. Use Panel A and Panel B to denote sections of a table. Do not send reduced photocopies of tables. Note: double-spacing the entire table may cause it to spread to two or more pages. The resulting gaps will be closed up when the table is typeset. Do not abbreviate in column headings, etc. Spell out “percent”; do not use the percent sign. Place a zero in front of the decimal point in all decimal fractions (i.e., 0.357, not .357). Table footnotes are also to be double-spaced. For footnotes pertaining to specific table entries, footnote keys should be lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.); these footnotes should follow the more general table Note(s) or Source(s). Use asterisk (*) footnotes for the following: *Significantly different from 0 at the 5-percent level. Full citations of the sources are to be included in the References. 13. USE OF MATHEMATICAL APPENDIX: Authors are encouraged to use an Appendix for technical proofs and derivations that can be separated from the main text. The Appendix should begin on a new page following the text, preceding the references. Designate multiple Appendices A, B, C, as necessary. Number equations, theorems, propositions, etc., within the Appendix as (A1), etc. Alternately, authors may post their appendix on the AER Web site. 14. REFERENCE SECTION must be double-spaced, beginning on a new page following the text, giving full information. Use full names of authors or editors (last names first), using initials only if that is the usage of the particular author/editor. List all author/editors up to/including 10 names. Authors of articles and books and material without specific authors or editors, such as government documents, bulletins, or newspapers, are to be listed alphabetically. PLEASE REFER TO THE SAMPLE REFERENCE PAGE. 15. DATA SOURCES: Please see data availability policy: http://www.aeaweb.org/aer/data_availability_policy.html 16. SPELLING: Authority for spelling, capitalization, and hyphenation of words is Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition and The Chicago Manual of Style. Foreign words or phrases are underlined (italicized) unless they are also part of the English language (listed in Webster’s); for example, “a priori,” “ex officio,” and “per se” are not underlined, but “ceteris paribus” is. Avoid overcapitalization and excessive underlining or italics for emphasis. Use quotation marks only for the first occurrence of terms with special meaning. 17. OTHER STYLE POINTS: (1) In the affiliation/acknowledgement footnote, it is AER policy not to acknowledge the AER co-editor. (2) Do not use Q.E.D. or an end-of-proof box (an extra line of space will be added instead). (3) Do not use the % sign; always spell out the word percent. (4) Apostrophes are used for possessives (e.g., Robert’s journal), generally not for pluralization (i.e., HMOs). (5) Hyphenate compound adjectives when they come before a noun, not after (e.g., a well-known author; an author well known). Generally, the following prefixes are not hyphenated: non, pre, post, over, under, intra, pro, re, semi. However, quasi and self are hyphenated whether they precede or follow the noun. 18. COPYRIGHT: EACH author/co-author will be sent a copyright transfer agreement along with the proof. A paper for which there is no signed copyright transfer agreement cannot be published. Please call the editorial office (412) 432-2311 if you foresee any problems involving this requirement. If you have any questions, please telephone the Review for clarification: (412) 432-2311. Abstract Instructions See also: Style Guide for Papers and Proceedings Copyright © 2007 AER |
