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cv (<div class="t-tr-text">const的波动<div class="t-tr-dropdown"><div><div><div class="t-tr-dropdown-arrow-border"></div><div class="t-tr-dropdown-arrow"></div><div class="t-tr-dropdown-h">Original:</div><div class="t-tr-dropdown-orig">const-volatility</div><div class="t-tr-dropdown-notes">The text has been machine-translated via [http://translate.google.com Google Translate].<br/> You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click [http://en.cppreference.com/w/Cppreference:MachineTranslations here] for instructions.</div></div></div></div></div>) specifiers

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C++
 
C + +语言
大会的主题
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General topics
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流量控制
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Flow control
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条件执行语句
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Conditional execution statements
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迭代语句
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Iteration statements
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跳转语句
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Jump statements
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功能
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Functions
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函数声明
lambda函数的声明
函数模板
的历史。内嵌说明
异常规范 （过时了）
noexcept说明 （C++11）
例外
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Exceptions
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命名空间
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Namespaces
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类型
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Types
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decltype specifier （C++11）
规范
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Specifiers
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CV符
存储时间说明符
constexpr说明 （C++11）
汽车符 （C++11）
alignas说明 （C++11）
初始化
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Initialization
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常
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Literals
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布尔文字
nullptr （C++11）
用户定义的 （C++11）
表达式
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Expressions
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另一种表示形式
实用工具
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Utilities
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类型
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Types
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typedef declaration
声明类型别名 （C++11）
属性 （C++11）
施放
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Casts
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隐式转换
const_cast conversion
static_cast conversion
dynamic_cast conversion
reinterpret_cast conversion
C-风格和功能转换
内存分配
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Memory allocation
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类
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Classes
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类特定的功能特性
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Class-specific function properties
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虚函数
覆盖说明 （C++11）
最后说明 （C++11）
明确的 （C++11）
静态的
特殊的成员函数
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Special member functions
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模板
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Templates
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类模板
函数模板
模板特化
参数包 （C++11）
杂项
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Miscellaneous
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内联汇编
 
  • const - 定义的类型是“不变”的
    Original:
    const - defines that the type is constant.
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  • volatile - 定义的类型是“挥发性”的
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    volatile - defines that the type is volatile.
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  • mutable - 定义一个类的成员不影响外部可见状态之类的。 mutable成员可以��行修改，在“不变”是“常量性”本质上是忽略的特定成员的类，.
    Original:
    mutable - defines that a member of a class does not affect the externally visible state of the class. mutable members can be modified in constant classes, that is constness is essentially ignored for the particular member.
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[编辑] 解释

注： cv修饰符</ B>和<b> CV规范</ B>以上（列表）是不一样的thing.
的cv修饰符是一个类型的属性，而CV规范的语言功能定义cv修饰符
Original:
Note: <b>cv-qualifiers</b> and <b>cv-specifiers</b> (list above) are not the same thing.
The cv-qualifiers are properties of a type whereas cv-specifiers are language feature to define cv-qualifiers
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</div>
cv修饰符定义的类型的两个基本属性：“常量性”和“波动”。 CV-qualifer可以是下列之一：'const volatile'，'const'，'volatile'或'none'。 const定义一个类型是“不变”，volatile定义的类型是“挥发性”。非恒定性和非易失性的类型并没有额外的限制，而常数和挥发性意味着以下内容：
Original:
Cv-qualifiers define two basic properties of a type: constness and volatility. A cv-qualifer can be one of the following: 'const volatile', 'const', 'volatile' or 'none'. const defines that a type is constant, volatile defines that the type is volatile. Non-constant and non-volatile type has no additional restrictions, whereas constant and volatile imply the following:
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  • 不变 - 对象将不会被修改。尝试这样做的结果，不确定的行为。在大多数的编译器，它是编译时错误.
    Original:
    constant - the object shall not be modified. Attempt to do so results in undefined behavior. On most compilers it is compile-time error.
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  • 挥发性 - 对象可以进行修改，通过编译器无法检测，因此一些编译器的优化，必须禁用.
    Original:
    volatile - the object can be modified by means not detectable by the compiler and thus some compiler optimizations must be disabled.
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cv修饰符是偏序的顺序的限制越来越多。的类型，可以说是'多“或”少“CV合格的然后
Original:
There is partial ordering of cv-qualifiers by the order of increasing restrictions. The type can be said more or less cv-qualified then:
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  • “不合格”const
    Original:
    unqualified < const
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  • “不合格”volatile
    Original:
    unqualified < volatile
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  • “不合格”const volatile
    Original:
    unqualified < const volatile
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  • const < const volatile
  • volatile < const volatile
任何cv修饰符的类型定义的一部分，因此类型，不同品种的资格都有不同的类型。因此，铸件所需要的匹配类型时，指定变量，函数调用等铸造“更多合格的简历”型是自动完成的<div class="t-tr-text"> 隐式转换
Original:
implicit conversions
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。特别是，下面的转换是允许的
Original:
Any cv-qualifiers are part of the type definition, hence types with different cv-qualifications are always different types. Therefore casting is needed to match types when assigning variables, calling functions, etc. Only casting to more cv-qualified type is done automatically as part of
隐式转换
Original:
implicit conversions
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</div>. In particular, the following conversions are allowed:
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  • “不合格”类型可以转换const
    Original:
    unqualified type can be converted to const
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  • “不合格”类型可以转换volatile
    Original:
    unqualified type can be converted to volatile
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  • “不合格”类型可以转换const volatile
    Original:
    unqualified type can be converted to const volatile
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  • const类型可以转换const volatile
    Original:
    const type can be converted to const volatile
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  • volatile类型可以转换const volatile
    Original:
    volatile type can be converted to const volatile
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要转换到“少品种合格的”类型，const_cast必须被使用
Original:
To convert to a less cv-qualified type, const_cast must be used.
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[编辑] 关键字

const, volatile, mutable

[编辑] 为例

本节是不完整的
来自“http://zh.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/language/cv&oldid=28928”