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DBMS-Normalization

18 posts

Denormalization in Databases

Last Updated: 24 January 2025

Denormalization focuses on combining multiple tables to make queries execute quickly. It adds redundancies in the database though. In this article, we’ll explore Denormal...read more

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DBMS-Normalization

Minimum Relations Satisfying First Normal Form (1NF)

Last Updated: 23 November 2023

A relation that does not contain any composite or multivalued attribute, then the relation is in its First Normal Form. Relations that contain a single-valued attribute co...read more

DBMS-Normalization

Domain Key Normal Form in DBMS

Last Updated: 08 May 2023

Prerequisites - Normal Forms, 4th and 5th Normal form, find the highest normal form of a relation It is basically a process in database to organize data efficiently. Basic...read more

DBMS-Normalization

First Normal Form (1NF)

Last Updated: 14 May 2025

In relational database design, normalization is the process of organizing data to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. First Normal Form (1NF) is the first step i...read more

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DBMS-Normalization

Second Normal Form (2NF)

Last Updated: 26 May 2025

Second Normal Form (2NF) is based on the concept of fully functional dependency. It is a way to organize a database table so that it reduces redundancy and ensures data co...read more

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DBMS-Normalization

Third Normal Form (3NF)

Last Updated: 15 May 2025

Normalization in database design is an important process for organizing data to reduce redundancy, maintain data integrity and improve accuracy. The Third Normal Form (3NF...read more

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DBMS-Normalization

Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)

Last Updated: 25 April 2025

While Third Normal Form (3NF) is generally sufficient for organizing relational databases, it may not completely eliminate redundancy. Redundancy can still occur if there’...read more

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DBMS-Normalization

Properties of Relational Decomposition

Last Updated: 29 August 2019

When a relation in the relational model is not appropriate normal form then the decomposition of a relation is required. In a database, breaking down the table into multip...read more

DBMS-Normalization

Allowed Functional Dependencies (FD) in Various Normal Forms (NF)

Last Updated: 18 May 2021

Prerequisite - Functional Dependency and Attribute ClosureWe all know the following:2 NF does not allow partial dependency.3NF does not allow transitive dependency.BCNF do...read more

DBMS-Normalization

Normalization Process in DBMS

Last Updated: 28 December 2024

Database Normalization is any systematic process of organizing a database schema such that no data redundancy occurs and there is least or no anomaly while performing any ...read more

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DBMS-Normalization

Lossless Decomposition in DBMS

Last Updated: 30 June 2025

The original relation and relation reconstructed from joining decomposed relations must contain the same number of tuples if the number is increased or decreased then it i...read more

DBMS-Normalization

Lossless Join and Dependency Preserving Decomposition

Last Updated: 27 March 2024

Decomposition of a relation is done when a relation in a relational model is not in appropriate normal form. Relation R is decomposed into two or more relations if decompo...read more

DBMS-Normalization

How to find the highest normal form of a relation

Last Updated: 13 January 2025

Normalization is the process of structuring data in a database by creating tables and defining relationships between them. This ensures data consistency, protection, and i...read more

DBMS-Normalization

Canonical Cover of Functional Dependencies in DBMS

Last Updated: 12 June 2025

Managing a large set of functional dependencies can result in unnecessary computational overhead. This is where the canonical cover becomes useful. The canonical cover of ...read more

DBMS-Normalization

Super Key in DBMS

Last Updated: 13 January 2025

Keys in DBMS play an important role in maintaining the integrity and uniqueness of data. Among these, the super key is one of the fundamental concept. It helps in designin...read more

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DBMS-Normalization