Portal:Current events/October 2025

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • 2025 Gaza City offensive
      • At least 61 Palestinians are killed in Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip and Gaza City. (Al Jazeera)
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure
    • The Ukrainian energy ministry declares an "emergency situation" at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant as the New Safe Confinement structure meant to prevent radioactive material from spreading into the environment experiences a three-hour power outage due to a Russian drone strike on an energy facility in nearby Slavutych, Kyiv Oblast. (The Kyiv Independent)
  • Volodymyr Leontiev, the former Russia-installed mayor of Nova Kakhovka, is killed in a Ukrainian drone strike. (The Kyiv Independent) (The Moscow Times)
• Sudanese civil war
  • Siege of El Fasher
    • As El Fasher's humanitarian crisis continues to drastically deteriorate, the Rapid Support Forces reportedly makes further gains against besieged garrison units mainly composed of former Darfuri rebels and their Sudanese Armed Forces allies. (BBC News)

Business and economy

• Embargo of Russian oil during the Russo-Ukrainian War, Serbia–United States relations
  • The U.S. Department of the Treasury postpones sanctions on Serbian oil company Naftna Industrija Srbije, of which Russian state-owned companies Gazprom and Gazprom Neft hold a majority of shares, until October 8, 2025. (Reuters)

Disasters and accidents

• 2025 Cebu earthquake
  • Cebu governor Pam Baricuatro declares a state of calamity and suspends classes throughout the province due to the M_w 6.9 earthquake yesterday. (BBC News)
  • The National Grid Corporation of the Philippines reports that power has been restored shortly after midnight in five islands in the central Philippines, including Cebu. (AFP via Bangkok Post)
• Arerti Maryam Church collapse
  • At least 36 people are killed and over 200 others are injured when an under construction church collapses in Areti, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. (AP) (TRT World)
• The death toll from the collapse of a pesantren in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia, rises to six as rescue workers continue their search. Dozens of students remain missing and approximately 100 others were injured in the collapse. (AP)
• Two workers are killed, several are injured and others are reported missing when the ceiling of an under-renovation serail in Damascus, Syria, collapses. (AP)
• A flight attendant is injured when two CRJ-900 aircraft, one operated by Delta Air Lines and one by Endeavor Air, collide on a runway at LaGuardia Airport in New York, United States. (DW) (CNN)

Law and crime

• 2025 Moroccan Gen Z protests
  • At least three people are killed in Lqliâa, Souss-Massa, Morocco, as security forces open fire during nationwide protests over alleged corruption and public spending priorities. (Al Jazeera)
• Islamic terrorism in Europe
  • Three men are arrested in Berlin, Germany, for targeting Jewish institutions and preparing a terrorist attack on behalf of Hamas. (Reuters)
• The annual Oktoberfest is temporarily shut down in Munich, Germany, until 17:30 local time due to an explosion at a house earlier in the morning which killed two people, including the perpetrator. The police ultimately finds no link between the Oktoberfest and the explosion, which was related to a domestic dispute. (DW) (AP)
• The Italian Carabinieri Art Squad seizes 21 paintings by Salvador Dalí suspected of being forged pieces at an exhibition at the Palazzo Tarasconi in Parma. (AP) (The Irish Independent)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Malagasy protests
  • Protests in Madagascar continue and spread across the country, demanding the resignation of President Andry Rajoelina. Opposition leader Rivo Rakotovao says that his party will not join any new government under Rajoelina, asking him to step down. (Reuters)
• 2025 United States federal government shutdown
  • A federal government shutdown occurs in the United States after a funding bill fails to be passed, the first government shutdown since January 2019. (CTV News)
• The 2025 Right Livelihood Award is awarded to a student organization in the Pacific Islands fighting climate change, activist organization Justice for Myanmar, Taiwanese activist Audrey Tang, and the Sudanese Emergency Response Rooms for their work in combating injustice in their respective regions. (AP)
• Thousands of people march in Athens as part of a general strike across Greece to protest against proposed changes in labor laws that could change the 8-hour work day to 13 hours, or a 48-hour workweek. (AP) (The Guardian)
• Matteo Rossi and Lorenzo Bugli are sworn in as the new captains regent of San Marino, succeeding Denise Bronzetti and Italo Righi. (San Marino RTV)

Science and technology

• A research team at the Free University of Berlin announce the detection of new organic substances within water vapour plumes erupting from the surface of Enceladus by Cassini's Cosmic Dust Analyzer, a potential biosignature of extraterrestrial life under the Saturnian moon's icy surface. (The Guardian) (Nature Astronomy)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • 2025 Gaza City offensive
      • At least 53 Palestinians are killed in Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip and in Gaza City. (Al Jazeera)
  • Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip
    • Israel intercepts the Global Sumud Flotilla in international waters and detains hundreds of activists from 44 countries carrying humanitarian aid bound for Gaza, sparking international condemnation and accusations of violations of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. (BBC News) (The National)
• Terrorism in the United Kingdom
  • Manchester synagogue attack
    • Two people are killed and four others are injured in a vehicle-ramming and mass stabbing attack at the Heaton Park Hebrew Congregation synagogue in Crumpsall, Manchester, England, United Kingdom. The perpetrator and one of the victims are shot dead by police. The attack is later declared a terror attack. (CNN) (The New York Times) (Reuters)

Disasters and accidents

• At least eleven people are killed after a tractor trolley topples into a pond in Khandwa district, Madhya Pradesh, India. (The Hindu)
• One person is killed and four others are injured in a hydrogen capsule explosion in a laboratory at Tehran University in Tehran, Iran. (AP)
• Twelve people are injured in panic from a M_w 5.3 earthquake in Istanbul, Turkey. (Al Monitor) (AP)
• At least 500 families are displaced and 400 houses are destroyed in a large fire in Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Occidental, Northern Mindanao, Philippines. (Philippine Daily Inquirer)

International relations

• Australia–Papua New Guinea relations
  • The Papua New Guinean Cabinet approves a bilateral defense treaty with Australia, which will increase integration of military equipment and personnel between the two countries. (AP)
• Foreign relations of Nicaragua, Foreign relations of Ukraine, International recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic
  • Ukraine breaks off diplomatic relations with Nicaragua over the latter's recognition of Russian-occupied territories in the country. (Priamyi)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Azad Kashmir protests
  • At least eight people are killed in violent protests in Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan, against benefits for the political class in the region. The regional government warns local media against covering the protests. (DW)
• At least 195,000 people hold protests across France to denounce planned budget cuts. (France 24)
• The seventh summit of the European Political Community is held in Copenhagen, Denmark. (Anadolu Agency)

Science and technology

• Mars 2020
  • NASA's Perseverance rover captures its first images of interstellar object 3I/ATLAS as it passes by Mars. (Economic Times)

Sports

• The United States' National Football League announce it will roll out national flag football leagues for both men and women in 2026 ahead of its inclusion in the 2028 Summer Olympics. (AP)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Donald Trump's September 2025 Gaza Strip proposal
    • Hamas says it has agreed to part of the 20-point plan proposed by U.S. president Donald Trump to end the war, including the release of hostages and handing over administration of the enclave. (The Hill) (Reuters)
    • United Nations human rights experts warn that multiple portions of the plan contradict international law and the ICJ ruling on Israel's occupation of Palestine. (OCHR)
  • Israeli bombing of the Gaza Strip, 2025 Gaza City offensive
    • At least 72 Palestinians are killed from Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip, including 42 killed in Gaza City. (Al Jazeera)
  • Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip, Gaza genocide, Humanitarian aid during the Gaza war
    • The Israeli Navy intercepts and seizes the Polish-flagged Marinette, the last vessel of the Global Sumud Flotilla, an international humanitarian flotilla seeking to break the Gaza blockade. (Al Jazeera)
• Somali Civil War
  • 2025 Shabelle offensive
    • With Ugandan support, the Somali National Army and other pro-federal forces reportedly recapture two villages from al-Shabaab. Government sources claim that al-Shabaab's forces suffered heavy casualties from the fighting. (Somali National News Agency)
• War on drugs, 2025 US Caribbean naval deployment
  • 2025 United States strikes on Venezuelan boats
    • The United States Navy conducts a strike targeting an alleged drug smuggling boat in the Venezuelan coast. According to U.S. defense secretary Pete Hegseth, at least four crewmembers were killed in the attack. (Reuters)
• Boko Haram insurgency
  • More than 5,000 people flee from Borno State, Nigeria, to Cameroon after Boko Haram fighters seize the border town of Kirawa and burn multiple buildings. (Reuters)
• Insurgency in Balochistan
  • Seven terrorists are killed and a huge cache of weapons and ammunition is recovered in an operation by security forces in Sherani District, Balochistan, Pakistan. (Xinhua News Agency)
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • List of journalists killed during the Russo-Ukrainian War
    • French journalist Antoni Lallican is killed and photographer Hryhoriy Ivanchenko is injured by a Russian drone strike in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. (RFE/RL)

Arts and culture

• Bishop of London Sarah Mullally is announced as the new archbishop of Canterbury, becoming the first woman to lead the Church of England and the Anglican Communion. (BBC News)

Disasters and accidents

• Five people are killed after an overcrowded vehicle overturns on NR-165 in Nabari, Mie Prefecture, Japan. (Kyodo News)
• At least three people drown after catastrophic flash floods hit the southern Black Sea coast of Bulgaria. (Novinite.com)
• At least two people are killed and others are injured when an Iranian Red Crescent Society rescue helicopter carrying nine people crashes in Lorestan province, Iran. (Mehr News Agency)

International relations

• China–India relations, Sino–Indian border dispute
  • Indian airline IndiGo announces it will resume direct flights between Kolkata and Guangzhou, China, on October 26, launching the first direct flights between the two countries since border skirmishes in 2020. (DW)

Law and crime

• Capital punishment in Tunisia, Decree Law 54
  • A court in Nabeul, Tunisia, sentences a 56-year-old man to death over online statements criticizing President Kais Saied and state security agencies. (Reuters)
• Trial of Sean Combs
  • A court in Manhattan, New York, United States, sentences musician Sean Combs to four years and two months in prison for prostitution-related charges. (BBC News)
• The Bangkok Criminal Court sentences a Thai man to life in prison for the January 7 assassination of Cambodian politician Lim Kimya in Bangkok. (AP)
• A Finnish court dismisses charges against the crew of the Eagle S tanker, ruling prosecutors failed to prove intent in the 2024 Estlink 2 incident and that negligence must be addressed by the ship's flag state or crew's home countries. (Reuters)
• A court in Yerevan, Armenia sentences Mikael Ajapahyan, a prominent cleric of the Armenian Apostolic Church, to two years in prison for allegedly calling for the overthrow of Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan. (AP)
• At least two people are killed and five others are injured in a mass shooting in Les Moulins near Nice, Alpes-Maritimes, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. (Le Figaro) (Times Now)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Czech parliamentary election
  • Czechs vote to elect the members of the Chamber of Deputies. For the first time, Czechs living or stationed abroad can vote via mail. (Reuters)
• 2025 Indonesian protests
  • Indonesia suspends TikTok's registration as an electronic service provider after the company fails to submit complete data on its live streaming activity during nationwide protests. (Reuters)
• 2025 Maldivian protests
  • Police violently crack down on and arrest eight people during an overnight protest against government corruption in Malé in the Maldives. (AP) (Raajje TV)
• Abdication of Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
  • Henri, the grand duke of Luxembourg, abdicates and is succeeded by his eldest son, Guillaume V. (Financial Times)
• Lithuanian culture minister Ignotas Adomavičius resigns after one week in office amidst protests. (LRT)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • 2025 Gaza City offensive
      • At least 70 Palestinians are killed in Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip and in Gaza City. (Al Jazeera)
• Islamic State insurgency in Puntland
  • Puntland counter-terrorism operations
    • Puntland Security Forces kill over ten Islamic State militants and capture another in a major operation targeting wells used by ISIS as bases to carry out attacks in the Cal Miskaad Mountains in Bari region of Puntland. Three soldiers are killed and six others are injured in the operation. (Hiiraan Online)
• Somali Civil War
  • 2025 Mogadishu prison attack
    • At least seven people are killed and injured and several prisoners escape in an attack on a National Intelligence and Security Agency prison by militant group Al-Shabaab in Mogadishu, Somalia. The Somali government reports that no civilian or security officers were killed, and that all seven attackers were killed. (AP) (Hiiraan Online)
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • 2025 Sumy offensive
    • One person is killed and at least 30 people are injured in Russian drone strikes on two passenger trains at a rail station in Shostka, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine. (The Independent)
  • Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine
    • A Russian Buyan-class corvette is allegedly attacked near Lake Onega, in Karelia, Russia. The ship sustains damage to the right side of its power plant compartment. (The Kyiv Independent)

Arts and culture

• The Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities formally opens the tomb of Amenhotep III in the Valley of the Kings to the public after 20 years of renovations following its excavation in 1989. (DW) (ANewZ)
• The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, the largest Lutheran denomination in the United States, installs Reverend Yehiel Curry as its presiding bishop, making him the first Black bishop to lead the denomination. Curry succeeds Reverend Elizabeth Eaton, the first woman to lead the organization. (AP) (CBS News)
• Pope Leo XIV attends the oath-taking ceremony for the new batch of Pontifical Swiss Guards, becoming the first pope to do so since 1968. (The Catholic Herald)

Disasters and accidents

• 2025–26 European windstorm season
  • At least two people are killed and another is severely injured in northern France as Storm Amy makes landfall. (France 24)
  • A man is killed in Letterkenny, County Donegal, Ireland, and hundreds of thousands are without power as Storm Amy brings high winds to the United Kingdom and Ireland. (Sky News)
• 2025 India–Pakistan floods
  • At least ten people are killed and two others are reported missing when heavy rainfall triggered multiple landslides in Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. (India TV)

Law and crime

• Capital punishment in Iran, Iran–Israel relations
  • Iran executes six prisoners accused and convicted of carrying out attacks inside Iran for the Arab Struggle Movement for the Liberation of Ahwaz on behalf of Israel. (AP)
• Islamophobia in the United Kingdom
  • A mosque with two people inside is set on fire in a suspected hate crime in Peacehaven, East Sussex, England. (CNN)
• Lithuania temporarily suspends air traffic at Vilnius Airport after unidentified balloons are detected in its airspace. (Reuters)

Politics and elections

• 2024–2025 Georgian protests
  • 2025 Georgian uprising attempt
    • Protestors attempt to storm the Orbeliani Palace and clash with police in Tbilisi, Georgia, during the local elections. (Al Jazeera)
• 2025 Azad Kashmir protests
  • Violent protests that killed at least ten people in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan, end as a peace agreement is reached with a civil rights alliance. (MSN)
• 2025 Czech parliamentary election
  • The second and final day of the election to elect the members of the Czech Chamber of Deputies takes place. (TVN24)
  • Former prime minister Andrej Babiš's populist ANO party wins the election with about 35% of the vote but falls short of a majority, prompting him to begin coalition talks with smaller right-wing parties. (BBC News)
• 2025 Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) presidential election
  • Sanae Takaichi defeats Shinjiro Koizumi in a runoff election to become the next president of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and prime minister-designate. She is the first female leader of the LDP and, should she be confirmed by the Diet, the first female prime minister of Japan. (Kyodo News)
• 2025 Malawian general election
  • Peter Mutharika is sworn in for his second non-consecutive term as President of Malawi following his victory in last month's national election. (Reuters)

Sports

• 2025 Speedway of Nations
  • In motorcycle speedway, Australia wins the 2025 Speedway of Nations, defeating Poland in the grand final at the MotoArena Toruń, BiT City, Kuyavia–Pomerania, Poland. (FIM Speedway)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • 2025 Gaza City offensive
      • At least 24 Palestinians are killed in Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip. (Al Jazeera)
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • Lviv strikes, Attacks on civilians in the Russo-Ukrainian war
    • At least five people are killed in Lviv, Ukraine, during an overnight Russian attack involving 53 ballistic and cruise missiles and 496 drones. (AP)

Disasters and accidents

• Over 550 people are trapped by a blizzard on the eastern slope of Mount Everest in Tibet. (Reuters)
• More than 60 people are killed in landslides in India and Nepal after days of heavy rain. (MSN)
• At least nine people are killed and five others are critically injured in a fire inside of an intensive care unit at a hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. (MSN)
• American mining company Freeport-McMoRan confirms that all seven workers missing after a mudflow at the Grasberg mine in Central Papua, Indonesia, have died as recovery teams find the remaining bodies and investigations continue. (Reuters)
• At least three Croatian mountaineers are killed in an avalanche on Tosc Mountain in northwestern Slovenia. (AP)

International relations

• Eswatini–United States relations, Deportation in the second Trump administration
  • Eswatini announces that it will receive eleven more third country nationals deported from the United States. (Reuters)

Law and crime

• 2025 deployment of federal forces in the United States
  • Operation Midway Blitz
    • U.S. president Donald Trump authorizes the deployment of 300 National Guard personnel to Chicago, Illinois. (BBC News)
• 2025 Ecuador protests
  • Ecuador enforces a state of emergency in ten provinces amid ongoing Indigenous-led protests against the government's removal of a fuel subsidy that increased diesel prices. (AP)
• Five people are killed and six others are injured in a mass shooting at a local establishment in Commodore, Linstead, Saint Catherine Parish, Jamaica. (CVM Television)
• A court in Mexico formally indicts footballer Omar Bravo with the aggravated child sexual abuse of a teenage girl following his arrest in Zapopan, Jalisco, yesterday afternoon. (TV Azteca) (AP)

Politics and elections

• 2024–2025 French political crisis
  • Lecornu government
    • French prime minister Sébastien Lecornu announces his first batch of minister appointments, including former finance minister Bruno Le Maire as armed forces minister, while facing a potential no-confidence vote in parliament. (AP)
• 2025 Indonesian protests
  • Indonesia lifts its temporary suspension of TikTok's operating license after the platform provided government-requested data on live streaming activity during the recent protests. (AFP via The Manila Times)
• 2025 Syrian parliamentary election
  • Syrians vote to elect 121 of the 210 members of the People's Assembly in the first election held since the fall of the Assad regime in December 2024. Elections are postponed in the Al-Hasakah, Raqqa, and Suwayda governorates due to security reasons. (CNN)

Sports

• 2025 Formula One World Championship
  • 2025 Singapore Grand Prix
    • In auto racing, McLaren win their second consecutive Formula One World Constructors' Championship after their drivers Lando Norris and Oscar Piastri place third and fourth, respectively, at the Singapore Grand Prix. (AFP via France 24)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • 2025 Gaza City offensive
      • Ten Palestinians, including three people who were seeking humanitarian aid, are killed in Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip ahead of peace talks in Egypt, bringing the total number of Palestinians killed in Israeli attacks since Friday up to 104. (Al Jazeera)
• Syrian civil war
  • SDF–Syrian Transitional Government clashes
    • Clashes erupt between Syrian government troops and Kurdish militias affiliated with the Syrian Democratic Forces in Sheikh Maqsood, Aleppo. (Alarabiya English)
• Myanmar civil war
  • More than 40 people are killed, including children, and about 80 others are injured in a strike on a festival and an anti-junta protest in Chaung-U, Sagaing Region, Myanmar. (ABC News)

Disasters and accidents

• 2025 tornado season
  • 2025 Enderlin tornado
    • The U.S. National Weather Service upgrades the rating of the tornado near Enderlin, North Dakota, on June 20 this year, to EF5, the most recent tornado to attain the highest rating on the Enhanced Fujita scale. (CNN)
• Three people are killed after an 80-year-old residential structure collapses in Veraval, Gir Somnath district, India. (The Indian Express)

International relations

• Gaza war
  • Donald Trump's September 2025 Gaza Strip proposal
    • Indirect talks between Hamas and Israel begin in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, to negotiate field conditions for the release of the remaining hostages in return for an undetermined number of Palestinian prisoners. (BBC News)
• Australia–Papua New Guinea relations
  • Australia and Papua New Guinea sign a defense treaty, formally granting Australia access to Papuan military facilities and requiring mutual defense in case of aggression. (BBC News) (AP)
• New Zealand–Samoa relations
  • New Zealand announces that it has paid a NZ$6 million compensation to Samoa over the sinking of the HMNZS Manawanui off the coast of Upolu in October 2024. (RNZ)

Law and crime

• 2025 deployment of federal forces in the United States
  • United States federal judge Karin Immergut temporarily blocks the Trump administration from deploying National Guard troops from California and Texas to Portland, Oregon, saying there is no evidence that the city requires any federal military intervention. (BBC News)
• Mexican drug war, Mexico–United States relations
  • The United States Treasury issues sanctions against various Mexican companies, including those in the pharmaceutical, real estate, chemical, and cleaning sectors, and eight people who manage them for allegedly supplying drug precursors to the Chapitos faction of the Sinaloa Cartel. (AP)
• At least 14 soldiers are killed and five others are injured in a shootout after a suspected "love triangle" dispute in South Sudan. (CBS News)
• A man opens fire inside an appeals courts in Tirana, Albania, killing the presiding judge and injuring two others in the courtroom. Police later arrest the suspect. (AP)
• A person opens fire inside the Iberville Parish Courthouse in Iberville Parish, Louisiana, United States, killing a deputy and injuring another, before being fatally shot. (KATC) (BNO News)
• The International Criminal Court convicts Janjaweed commander Ali Kushayb of war crimes in Darfur, Sudan, including rape, murder, and persecution. Kushayb is the first militia leader to be convicted for these war crimes. His sentence will be determined in a later hearing. (Reuters)
• A group of human rights organizations in Myanmar file a joint lawsuit against Norwegian telecoms firm Telenor for allegedly sharing customer data with the Tatmadaw after the 2021 coup d'état and in the civil war. (Al Jazeera) (The Straits Times)

Politics and elections

• 2024–2025 French political crisis
  • First Lecornu government
    • French prime minister Sébastien Lecornu resigns after 27 days of being in office. With only 14 hours between the appointment of ministers and his resignation, Lecornu becomes the shortest-serving Prime Minister in French history. (BFMTV) (Libération)
• 2025 Malagasy protests
  • Youth-led protests against President Andry Rajoelina resume across Madagascar, with clashes with riot police taking place in multiple cities, including the capital Antananarivo. (Reuters)
  • President Andry Rajoelina appoints Ruphin Fortunat Zafisambo, a Madagascar Armed Forces general, as the new prime minister of Madagascar. (Reuters)

Science and technology

• 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi are jointly awarded this year's Nobel Prize in Medicine for their discoveries relating to peripheral immune tolerance. (CNN)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Syrian civil war
  • SDF–Syrian Transitional Government clashes
    • The Syrian government announces an immediate ceasefire with the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces following clashes last night that killed at least four people and injured at least eight others. (AP)
  • US intervention in the Syrian civil war
    • United States Central Command announces that US forces conducted a strike in Syria on October 2, killing Muhammad ‘Abd-al-Wahhab al-Ahmad, a senior Jama'at Ansar al-Islam attack planner. (The Hill)
• Red Sea crisis
  • Houthi rebels detain nine United Nations workers in Yemen as part of a long-term crackdown on UN presence in the country, bringing the total number of detained UN personnel to 53. (AP)
  • The Philippine Department of Migrant Workers confirms the death of a critically injured Filipino crew member of MV Minervagracht which was attacked by the Houthis in the Gulf of Aden on September 29. The Netherlands-based operator of the vessel has reported that another injured Filipino is still being treated in Djibouti. (Philippine Daily Inquirer) (The Times of Israel)

Business and economy

• The value of gold futures rise above $4,000 per troy ounce for the first time in trading history. (AP)

Disasters and accidents

• Al-Khoziny Islamic Boarding School collapse
  • The death toll from the collapse of a pesantren last week in East Java, Java, Indonesia, rises to 67 as search and rescue operations end. (The Guardian)
• Mediterranean Sea migrant smuggling
  • Four people are killed, including a girl, after a boat carrying migrants sinks off the coast of Lesbos, Greece. Police find the 34 survivors at shore. (AP)
• At least 16 people are killed after a bus is hit by a landslide in Himachal Pradesh, India. (Reuters) (NDTV)
• Four people are killed, three others are injured and others are reported missing when a former office block being converted into a hotel partially collapses in Madrid, Spain. (BBC News)
• Over ten people are injured when a ferris wheel collapses at a fair in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia. (BNO News)

International relations

• Foreign relations of the Holy See
  • Visit by Pope Leo XIV to Turkey and Lebanon
    • The Holy See Press Office announces that Pope Leo XIV will visit İznik, Turkey, the location of the ancient city Nicaea, and Lebanon in November and December as his first papal visits abroad. (The Catholic Herald) (Anadolu Agency)

Law and crime

• Crime in Mexico
  • Six civilians are killed and two others are injured in a mass shooting when Mexican Army soldiers open fire on a vehicle that tried to ram them on the highway connecting Ciudad Mante and Tampico in Tamaulipas, Mexico. Mexican president Claudia Sheinbaum vowed an investigation. (MSN)
• Crime in Germany
  • Iris Stalzer, the mayor-elect of Herdecke, Germany, is left in a critical condition. She has told investigators it was her 17-year-old adoptive African daughter who stabbed her repeatedly in her home and tortured her for hours (CNN) (AP) (DW)
• Crime in Norway
  • A restaurant in Strømmen, Akershus, Norway, receives damage after hand grenades were thrown into it. The Norwegian Police suspects gang activity with links to the Swedish–Kurdish criminal gang Foxtrot, arresting two teenagers shortly after the incident. (VG)
• Residents of Bonaire, a Dutch special municipality in the Caribbean, file a class action lawsuit backed by Greenpeace against the Netherlands accusing them of failure to act in protecting the island's residents against climate change, as they are legally Dutch citizens. (AP) (Euractiv)
• The Supreme Court of Argentina approves the extradition of businessman Fred Machado to the United States, where he faces federal charges on drug trafficking and money laundering. (AP)
• The Supreme Electoral Court of Costa Rica requests the National Assembly to strip President Rodrigo Chaves Robles of immunity so that he can be prosecuted for corruption charges. (AP)
• Five people are arrested after an alleged assassination attempt on Ecuadorian president Daniel Noboa. (CNN)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Barbadian presidential election
  • Jeffrey Bostic is elected President of Barbados by the Parliament. He succeeds Sandra Mason and becomes the second president after Barbados becoming a republic. (Barbados Today)

Science and technology

• 2025 Nobel Prizes, Nobel Prize in Physics
  • John Clarke, Michel Devoret, and John M. Martinis are jointly awarded this year's Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantization in an electric circuit. (Euronews)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Gaza war peace plan
    • United States president Donald Trump announces that Israel and Hamas have agreed to a ceasefire and the first phase of his peace plan to end the Gaza war. (Al Jazeera).
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • 2025 Sumy offensive, Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure
    • A family is injured, including a 4-year-old girl critically, and dozens of civilian infrastructure facilities are damaged in a drone strike on a house in Sumy, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine. (RBC-Ukraine)
  • Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine
    • A Ukrainian missile strike kills three people and injures nine others in Maslova Pristan, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. A search and rescue operation is underway for others believed to be trapped under rubble. (BBC News)
• Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
  • Eleven soldiers and 19 Pakistani Taliban fighters are killed in an ambush on a military convoy and subsequent shootout in Orakzai District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. (Al Jazeera)

Disasters and accidents

• The World Health Organization intervenes as the death toll from toxic cough syrup in Madhya Pradesh, India, rises to at least 20. (The Independent)
• Six people are killed and eight others are critically injured in a fire at a firecracker factory in East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, India. (India Today)

Law and crime

• 2025 deployment of federal forces in the United States
  • Operation Midway Blitz
    • Hundreds of Texas Military Forces troops arrive at a United States Army Reserve military base near Chicago, Illinois, ahead of a deployment to the city. (Sky News)
• 2025 New Orleans jailbreak
  • Derrick Groves, the last remaining prisoner from a group of ten who escaped the Orleans Parish Prison in May in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, is captured in Atlanta following a standoff with police at a house. (NBC News)
• Capital punishment in Singapore
  • Singapore executes Pannir Selvam Pranthaman, a Malaysian man convicted of drug offenses, bringing this year's number of executions in the country to 12. (AP)
• January 2025 Southern California wildfires
  • A 29-year-old man is arrested for allegedly starting the Palisades Fire that killed 12 people and destroyed more than 6,000 homes in Los Angeles County, Southern California, United States, earlier this year. (BBC News)
• Attempted assassination of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
  • Sabag Montiel is sentenced to ten years for attempting to assassinate the former president of Argentina and then-vice president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. His girlfriend, Brenda Uliarte, is sentenced to eight years for being an accomplice. (El País)
• Four people are killed, including the perpetrator, in a shooting spree at three locations across southwest Houston and Sugar Land, Texas, United States. (KHOU)
• At least six people are injured, including four musicians, in a mass shooting at an Agua Marina concert in Lima, Peru. No arrests have been made. (BNO News) (Lokmat Times)

Science and technology

• 2025 Nobel Prizes
  • Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar Yaghi are jointly awarded this year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work on metal–organic frameworks. (BBC News)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • Four people are killed and 40 others are trapped under rubble in an Israeli strike on a building in Sabra, Gaza City, Palestine, as the ceasefire agreement proposed by US president Donald Trump awaits approval by the Israeli cabinet. (The Times of Israel)
    • Twenty-nine people are killed in Israeli strikes on the Gaza Strip. (Wafa)
  • Gaza war peace plan
    • The Israeli cabinet formally approves the ceasefire agreement, with the Israeli military given 24 hours to withdraw their troops to the agreed-upon line within Gaza. The hostage and prisoner releases are expected to begin in the coming days. (AP)
    • US officials announce that 200 troops will be sent to Israel to run a civil-military coordination center established by U.S. Central Command to support and monitor the ceasefire deal, joined by members of the armed forces of Egypt, Qatar, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates. (AP)
• Afghanistan–Pakistan clashes
  • 2025 Afghanistan–Pakistan conflict
    • The Pakistan Air Force carries out two airstrikes in Kabul, Afghanistan, targeting Pakistani Taliban leaders. (Amu.tv)
• Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
  • Seven Pakistani Taliban members and a major are killed in a raid and ensuing shootout in Daraban, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The Inter-Services Public Relations further reports that the security forces recovered a cache of weapons and ammunition, along with stating that the killed terrorists were actively involved in multiple attacks. (Daily Pioneer)
  • Three tribal leaders from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, are abducted and killed by Pakistani Taliban militants. (Press Trust of India)

Arts and culture

• 2025 Nobel Prizes
  • Hungarian novelist and screenwriter László Krasznahorkai wins this year's Nobel Prize in Literature "for his compelling and visionary oeuvre that, in the midst of apocalyptic terror, reaffirms the power of art". (CNN)

Business and economy

• Argentina–United States relations, Argentine monetary crisis
  • US Secretary of the Treasury Scott Bessent announces that the United States has purchased Argentine pesos and has finalized a currency swap framework, adding that the US is prepared to provide assistance to Argentina's economy, after ending four days of meetings with Argentine economy minister Luis Caputo. (AP)
• Serbia–United States relations, United States government sanctions, Russia–United States relations
  • The United States Treasury Department issues sanctions against Naftna Industrija Srbije, the primary petroleum producer and supplier in Serbia, which is majority-owned by Russian state company Gazprom. (AP)

Disasters and accidents

• 2025 Pacific typhoon season
  • One person is killed in Oiso, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, and hundreds of people are evacuated as Typhoon Halong makes landfall in the Izu Islands. (AP) (Kyodo News)
• 2025 Azerbaijan–Russia diplomatic crisis, Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243
  • Russian president Vladimir Putin says that Russian air defense shot down Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243 in December 2024, in his first admission of responsibility for the accident. (CNN)

International relations

• Trinidad and Tobago–Venezuela relations, Trinidad and Tobago–United States relations
  • The attorney general of Trinidad and Tobago says that the United States has granted permission yesterday to the country to negotiate a gas deal with Venezuela without facing U.S. sanctions related to its relationship with Venezuela. (AP)

Law and crime

• The United States Department of Justice indicts Attorney General of New York Letitia James on a criminal bank fraud charge by in Alexandria, Virginia, United States. (CNN) (Reuters)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Ecuador protests, Economy of Ecuador
  • The Ecuadorian Army deploys at least 5,000 personnel to Quito to "prevent vandalism" amid ongoing protests against President Daniel Noboa over the rise of price of diesel fuel due to end of subsidies. (AP)

Sports

• 2025 ATP Tour
  • In tennis, Monégasque player Valentin Vacherot defeats Holger Rune at the Shanghai Masters to become the lowest-ranked player on the ATP rankings to reach a Masters 1000 semi-final in 26 years, and the first Monégasque in history to do so. (The Independent) (ATP)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Gaza war peace plan
    • A ceasefire between Israel and Hamas comes into effect hours after the approval of the ceasefire agreement by the Israeli war cabinet. The Israel Defense Forces complete their withdrawal to the agreed-upon lines within the Gaza Strip. (AP)
• Sudanese civil war
  • Siege of El Fasher
    • The United Nations human rights chief says three days of attacks in and near a displaced persons camp in Al-Fashir, North Darfur, Sudan, has killed at least 53 civilians. (The Canadian Press)
• Afghanistan–Pakistan clashes
  • 2025 Afghanistan–Pakistan conflict
    • Two unnamed high-ranking Pakistani Taliban leaders are confirmed killed in yesterday's Pakistani airstrikes in Kabul, Afghanistan. (Radio Free Europe)
• Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
  • All the 30 surviving Pakistani Taliban insurgents involved in the attack in Orakzai District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, on Tuesday that killed 30 people, including eleven security personnel, are killed in a retribution operation. (Dawn)
  • At least eleven Pakistani soldiers are killed in an attack on a military post by the Pakistani Taliban in Tirah, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. (Reuters)
  • At least seven police officers and six militants are killed and 13 others are injured in an attack on a police training center in Ratta Kulachi, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. (The Independent) (Dawn)
• Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)
  • The Lebanese government announces the arrest of a network affiliated to Israel which attempted to carry out assassinations and bombing attacks, mainly during a commemoration ceremony for the assassinated Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah. (Al Jazeera)

Disasters and accidents

• 2025 Davao Oriental earthquakes
  • A doublet earthquake, consisting of two events measuring M_w 7.4 and 6.7–6.8, strikes Manay, Davao Oriental, Philippines, killing eight people and injuring more than 400. (Philippine Daily Inquirer)
  • The United States Pacific Tsunami Warning Center raises a tsunami alert for the Philippines, Indonesia, and Palau for more than two hours. Local authorities record "minor tsunamis" in Talaud Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, and an inch-long wave in Tandag, Surigao del Sur, Philippines. (BBC News)
• 2025 Accurate Energetic Systems explosion
  • At least 16 people are killed and multiple others are injured after an explosion at a manufacturing plant in Hickman County, Tennessee, United States. (WKRN-TV) (CNN) (WBIR-TV)
• At least 28 people are killed in floods and landslides in central and southeastern Mexico. Roads and homes are destroyed. (AP)

Health and environment

• Senegalese health authorities confirm 17 deaths in a major outbreak of Rift Valley fever that began on September 21. (Africanews)

International relations

• Afghanistan–Pakistan relations
  • 2025 Pakistani airstrikes in Afghanistan
    • Afghanistan spokesperson Zabihullah Mujahid says Pakistan launched an airstrike in the country's eastern Paktia Province, while the Pakistani government says the Pakistani Taliban was allowed to use Afghanistan as a base for attacks against Pakistan. (AP)
• Afghanistan–India relations
  • Indian foreign minister S. Jaishankar announces the country will reopen its embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan, after it was shut down four years ago during the fall of Kabul. (DW)
• Qatar–United States relations
  • US secretary of defense Pete Hegseth announces an agreement with Qatar to build a new Qatar Emiri Air Force facility at the Mountain Home Air Force Base in Elmore County, Idaho, that will host QEAF F-15QA fighter jets and pilots. (TIME) (CBS News)

Law and crime

• International Criminal Court investigation in the Philippines
  • Arrest of Rodrigo Duterte
    • The International Criminal Court rejects a request from former Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte to be released from detention, citing flight risk and witness tampering concerns. (AP)
• 2025 Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan protests
  • One person is killed and 22 others are injured during a Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan protest in Lahore, Punjab. (Dawn)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Nobel Prizes
  • 2025 Nobel Peace Prize
    • Venezuelan activist María Corina Machado is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her promotion of democratic rights in Venezuela. (CNN) (Nobel Peace Prize)
• Impeachment of Dina Boluarte
  • Following a vote of 124–0, the Peruvian Congress removes President Dina Boluarte from power after she fails to appear for a required defense in Congress regarding her government's inability to lower crime. (AP)
  • Congress president José Jerí is sworn in as the interim president following Boluarte's removal from power. (DW)
• 2024–2025 French political crisis
  • French president Emmanuel Macron re-appoints Sébastien Lecornu as Prime Minister, four days after Lecornu resigned. (France 24)
• Politics of Japan
  • Komeito announces their exit from the Japanese ruling coalition with the Liberal Democratic Party. (Reuters)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Afghanistan–Pakistan clashes
  • 2025 Afghanistan–Pakistan conflict
    • Following Pakistani airstrikes in Afghanistan in Kabul and Paktika on October 9th, the Afghan Armed Forces launches attacks on several border posts of Pakistan along the Durand Line and seizes several posts. (The Guardian)
    • Pakistan responds with retaliatory strikes, gunfire and ground raids on Afghan posts along the border. (The Guardian)
• Israeli–Lebanese conflict
  • One person is killed, seven others are injured, dozens of bulldozers are destroyed, and a key route connecting Beirut to Lebanon's south is severed in Israeli attacls in Msayleh, An-Najjariyah, Lebanon. (Al Jazeera) (Naharnetnet)
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • At least two people are killed and four others are injured, including one critically, in a Russian strike on a church in Kostiantynivka, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. (Ukrainska Pravda)
• Two Hamas members are killed by the Doghmush clan in an ambush in Gaza City, Palestine. A clan member is killed and 30 arrested in retaliation. (BBC News)

Law and crime

• Mass shootings in the United States
  • 2025 Leland shooting
    • Six people are killed and 14 others are injured after an individual opens fire at the Leland High School homecoming gathering on a main street in Leland, Mississippi, United States. No suspect has been taken into custody. (The Guardian)
• British musician Ian Watkins of the band Lostprophets is killed in HM Prison Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England, where he was imprisoned for sexual crimes against children and animals. Two men are arrested on suspicion of the murder. (BBC News)

Sports

• 2025 ATP Tour
  • In tennis, world 206th-ranked Monégasque player Valentin Vacherot defeats Novak Djokovic in the Shanghai Masters semi-final, becoming the lowest-ranked finalist in Masters 1000 history and the first finalist ranked higher than 200th. He also becomes the first Monégasque to defeat a top 10 player and is set to play his cousin Arthur Rinderknech in the final. (ATP Tour) (The Guardian)

Politics and elections

• Helena Moreno is elected Mayor of New Orleans. (CNN)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Afghanistan–Pakistan clashes
  • 2025 Afghanistan–Pakistan conflict
    • At least 23 Pakistani soldiers and nine Afghan soldiers are killed during the ongoing clashes at the border. Pakistan claims that it captured 19 Afghan border posts. (Al Jazeera)
• 2025 Malagasy protests
  • 2025 Malagasy mutiny
    • Malagasy President Andry Rajoelina says that an attempted coup has been initiated after a group of the military joined protestors and exchanged gunfire with pro-government security forces, demanding Rajoelina to step down. (AP)
• Gaza war
  • Societal breakdown in the Gaza Strip during the Gaza war
    • At least 19 Doghmush clan members and eight Hamas fighters are killed in a shootout in Gaza City. (BBC News)
    • Palestinian journalist Saleh al-Jafarawi is shot and killed by Doghmush clan members amid shootouts with Hamas in Gaza City. (TRT World)
• 2025 Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan protests
  • Three protestors, a bystander and a policeman are killed and dozens are injured during clashes in Muridke, Pakistan, as a pro-Palestine march, organized by the TLP Party, attempted to reach the American embassy in Islamabad. (Reuters)

Disasters and accidents

• 2025 Pacific typhoon season
  • More than three people are reported missing and more at least 34 others are rescued when remenants of Typhoon Halong causes flooding in Kipnuk and Kwigillingok, Alaska, United States. (ABC News)
• Forty-two people are killed and 49 others injured in a bus crash in Louis Trichardt, Limpopo, South Africa. (AP)

Law and crime

• Mass shootings in the United States
  • 2025 Saint Helena Island shooting
    • Four people are killed and at least 20 others are injured, including four critically, in a mass shooting at a crowded bar in Saint Helena Island, South Carolina, United States. (CNN)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Cameroonian presidential election
  • Cameroonians vote to elect their president, with the incumbent Paul Biya seeking his eighth term. (Reuters)
• 2025 Ecuador protests
  • Police clash with protestors in Quito, Ecuador, amid ongoing demonstrations against President Daniel Noboa over an increase in fuel price. Noboa has refused to negotiate with the Indigenous federation, which leads part of the protests against his government. (AP)
• 2025 Seychellois general election
  • Patrick Herminie wins the presidential election in Seychelles by obtaining more than 52% of the votes, becoming the next President of Seychelles, defeating the incumbent Wavel Ramkalawan. (Reuters)

Sports

• 2025 ATP Tour
  • In tennis, Monégasque player Valentin Vacherot, who was ranked 204th on the ATP rankings, defeats his cousin Arthur Rinderknech in the Shanghai Masters final 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, to become the lowest-ranked Masters 1000 winner in ATP history, and the first from Monaco. (ESPN) (ATP Tour)
  • Following his win at the Shanghai Masters, Vacherot moves to rank 40 and becomes the highest ranked Monégasque player in history, surpassing Jean-René Lisnard who ranked 106th in 2006. (Olympics)
• 2025 Supercars Championship
  • In touring car racing, Grove Racing drivers Matthew Payne and Garth Tander win the 68th running of the Supercars Bathurst 1000. (Supercars)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Gaza peace plan
    • Hamas hands over the 20 remaining living Israeli hostages to the Red Cross, and Israel releases over 1,900 Palestinian prisoners and detainees, including 250 people serving life sentences for convictions in attacks on Israelis, as part of the ceasefire agreement. (AP)
    • Under the terms of the ceasefire agreement, local authorities shut down aid distribution sites run by the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation, which were the locations of shootings by the Israeli military, which killed over 2,600 people seeking food aid. (AP)
  • Hamas returns the bodies of only four of the 30 remaining deceased Israeli hostages, in violation of the ceasefire agreement that all the hostages would be returned in the same day. (Haaretz)
• 2025 Malagasy protests
  • 2025 Malagasy mutiny
    • Malagasy president Andry Rajoelina flees the country after losing the support of the armed forces following weeks of Gen Z-led protests calling for his resignation. Rajoelina's office announces he will address the nation, without specifying his whereabouts. (AP)
    • President Rajoelina says he is "sheltering in a safe place" and has survived an assassination attempt. He has not resigned and says a coup d'état is underway. (Global Nation)
    • President Rajoelina confirms he has fled Madagascar saying he "would not allow Madagascar to be destroyed" after the Madagascar Armed Forces turned on him. (AP)

Business and economy

• 2025 Nobel Prizes
  • Joel Mokyr is jointly awarded this year's Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for "having identified the prerequisites for sustained growth through technological progress", with Philippe Aghion and Peter Howitt for "the theory of sustained growth through creative destruction". (CNN) (Nobel Prize)

Disasters and accidents

• At least 66 people are injured, including around 16 seriously, when two trains collide outside Jablonov nad Turňou, Slovakia. (Reuters)
• Two people are killed and one is injured in a plane crash in Dartmouth, Massachusetts, United States. (AP News)

Health and environment

• Tipping points in the climate system, Environmental issues with coral reefs
  • Scientists at the University of Exeter in England report large-scale die-off of coral reefs, the first major tipping point in large changes in the climate system. (The Guardian) (Nature)

International relations

• 2025 Gaza peace summit
  • Heads of government of 30 countries and leaders of the main international organisations gather in Egypt to discuss the next steps in the implementation of the Gaza peace plan. It is expected that the focus will be on the future governance of the Gaza Strip, security, and humanitarian assistance. (Al Jazeera) (The Guardian) (BBC News)
• China–Netherlands relations
  • The Dutch government invokes the Goods Availability Act to seize control of the Chinese-owned semiconductor manufacturer Nexperia, which is headquartered in Nijmegen, Gelderland, amid concerns that the company's governance "could pose a risk to Dutch and European economic security". (AP) (Financial Times)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Nauruan parliamentary election
  • Results from Saturday's election in Nauru show that incumbent president David Adeang has been reelected to his seat, though the parliament must decide whether Adeang continues to serve as president. (RNZ)

Science and technology

• Microsoft ends support for Windows 10 a decade after its release. (Microsoft)